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Wednesday, June 18, 2014

Turkmenistan: Tracking Down Mosaics

Detail of entrance portal to Tejen, an oasis city in the Karakum desert
Turkmenistan's capital, Ashgabat, is transforming itself into a shiny, white-marbled metropolis. Drab, Soviet blocks make way for gleaming new buildings with golden domes. Construction continues apace 24 hours a day 7 days a week.

Yet here and there in Ashgabat, as well as some spots in the provinces, are marvellous examples of mosaics from the Soviet period.

Following the devastating Ashgabat earthquake of 1948, in which 110,000 people reportedly were killed, concrete buildings were hastily constructed.

In the 1970s, however, artists turned their attention to these buildings. They started to decorate them with mosaic panels in combination with ceramics created by Turkmen monumental painters Alexander Shchetinin and Artyk Ramazanov. Then later with the works by young muralists, including graduates of the Tashkent Theatre and Arts Institute.

One such artist was People's Artist of Turkmenistan Muhammetmurad Gochmuradov, who designed a mosaic novel The Beauty of Art that decorated a row of residential building facades. (See image further down).

ashgabat mosaics, uzbekistan tours, central asian art craft
Mural in Chekhov Sreet, Ashgabat
According to art historian Maral Kadzharova, Gochmuradov attributed his mosaics to his passion for Mexican muralists Diego Rivera, David Alfaro Siqueiros and Gabriel Orozco.

Gochmuradov was born into a family of shepherds in Akhal province and tended small camel herds - his first canvas was the desert sand.

The Mexican style and the aesthetic influence of his native, Turkmen landscape produced some remarkable pieces.

Ashgabat's mosaics also celebrate workers, heroes, musicians or the harvest. But there are few, and their future is uncertain. Like the mosaics of Uzbekistan, I hope that someone will document Turkmenistan's splendid architectural panels before it is too late.

Below are examples of pieces I captured during a recent visit, sometimes snapped from a moving vehicle.

Related posts:
Uzbekistan's Decorative Architectural Panels #1
Uzbekistan's Decorative Architectural Panels #2
Kyrgyzstan: Monumental Art in the Provinces

                                                                                                   Bishkek's Mosaics: Fragmented Dream Project
                                                                                                   Back in the USSR: Soviet Roadside Architecture

ashgabat mosaics, uzbekistan tours, central asian art craft
Detail, rich in symbolism, from one of Muhammetmurad Gochmuradov's facades in the Beauty of Art series


ashgabat mosaics, uzbekistan tours, central asian art craft
Detail from Ashgabat mosaic celebrating harvest time

 
ashgabat mosaics, uzbekistan tours, central asian art craft
An Ashgabat facade

ashgabat mosaics, uzbekistan tours, central asian art craft
Mosaic decorating an Ashgabat winery